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AL-LAD
N6-allyl-6-norlysergic acid diethylamide
6-allyl-6-nor-LSD, N-allyl-nor-LSD
AL-LAD is a semi-synthetic psychedelic of the lysergamide class and a close structural analog of LSD. First described in scientific literature during the 1970s,citation needed it was further investigated by Andrew J. Hoffman and David Nichols in 1984 and subsequently documented by Alexander Shulgin in TiHKAL.1 It entered the research chemical market around 2013 as a grey-market alternative to LSD.citation needed Users often report enhanced visual activity with comparatively reduced cognitive intensity relative to LSD.
Dosage & Duration
Dosage
Doses are population estimates that vary widely between individuals.
Threshold~20 µg
Light20-75 µg
Moderate75-175 µg
Strong175-250 µg
Heavy250+ µg
Duration
Onset20-60 minutes
Come Up30-60 minutes
Peak2.5-5 hours
Offset2-3 hours
After Effects2-18 hours
Total7-10 hours
Subjective Effects
Legacy content. A statistically backed ontology from Mindstate Design Labs is coming soon.
Effects vary widely by individual, dose, and context.
Physical
Cognitive
In comparison to other psychedelics such as Psilocin, LSA and Ayahuasca, AL-LAD is significantly more stimulating and fast paced in terms of the specific style of thought stream which it produces and contains a large number of potential effects.
Enhancement of current mind stateAcceleration of thoughtFeelings of fascination, importance and aweTime distortionIntrospectionDéjà vuMultiple thought streamsRemoval of cultural filterConceptual thinkingEgo suppression, loss and deathThought loopsFeelings of interdependent oppositesDelusionsStates of unity and interconnectedness
Visual
Distortions
Geometry
The visual geometry that is present throughout this trip can be described as more similar in appearance to that of 2C-B or 2C-I than Psilocin, LSA or DMT. It can be comprehensively described through its variations as primarily intricate in complexity, algorithmic in form, unstructured in organization, brightly lit, colourful in scheme, organic in feel, multicoloured in scheme, flat in shading, soft in its edges, large in size, slow in speed, smooth in motion, round in its corners, unimmersive in depth and consistent in intensity. At higher dosages, it consistently results in states of Level 8A visual geometry over Level 8B.
Hallucinatory States
AL-LAD is capable of producing a full range of low and high level hallucinatory states in a fashion that is significantly less consistent and reproducible than that of many other commonly used psychedelics.
Auditory
The auditory effects of AL-LAD are common in their occurrence and exhibit a full range of effects.
See also: Psychedelic Intensity Scale, Effects of psychedelics (visual, cognitive, miscellaneous)
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
AL-LAD acts as an agonist at the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor, which is considered the primary mechanism underlying its psychedelic effects.citation needed It displays high binding affinity for this receptor23, though sources disagree on whether it functions as a full agonist or a partial agonist. AL-LAD also interacts with other serotonin receptors in the 5-HT1 family2 and shows affinity for dopamine D1 and D2 receptors.3
Pharmacokinetics
An in vitro study using pooled human liver S9 fractions identified eleven tentative AL-LAD metabolites formed through N-dealkylation, hydroxylation, combinations of those reactions, and glucuronidation. Recombinant-enzyme experiments implicated CYP3A4 in N6-deallylation, N-deethylation, and hydroxylation, and CYP1A2 in hydroxylation.4 These experiments were qualitative and were designed to identify metabolic products and enzymes; they did not measure human absorption, bioavailability, clearance, or elimination half-life. The shorter reported duration of AL-LAD therefore should not be presented as evidence that it is metabolized faster than LSD.citation needed
Metabolitesnone documented yet
Dangerous
Highest riskThese combinations are considered extremely harmful and should always be avoided. Reactions to these drugs taken in combination are highly unpredictable and have a potential to cause death.
Unsafe
AvoidThere is considerable risk of physical harm when taking these combinations, they should be avoided where possible.
Caution
Use cautionThese combinations are not usually physically harmful, but may produce undesirable effects, such as physical discomfort or overstimulation. Extreme use may cause physical health issues. Synergistic effects may be unpredictable. Care should be taken when choosing to use this combination.
Tolerance
Tolerance timelines are rules of thumb, not exact schedules, and vary widely between individuals and use patterns.
Full Tolerance
Tolerance to the effects of AL-LAD develops almost immediately after ingestion. As with other serotonergic psychedelics, repeated dosing within a short timeframe will result in significantly diminished effectscitation needed unless the dose is substantially increased.
Baseline Reset
Full baseline tolerance is typically restored after approximately 14 days of abstinence from AL-LAD and other serotonergic psychedelics. Some sources suggest noticeable effects may return after 4-7 days, though full sensitivity requires the longer abstinence period.
Half Tolerance
Approximately 5-7 days after ingestion, tolerance is estimated to reduce to roughly half of its peak level.
Cross Tolerance
Serotonergic psychedelics (LSD, psilocybin, mescaline, DMT), Other 5-HT2A agonists
Harm Potential
Addiction & Dependence
Psychological
Extremely LowAL-LAD is non-habit forming and the desire to use it can actually decrease with use.citation needed It is considered self-regulating in the same manner as LSD and other classic psychedelics.
Physical
Extremely LowNo physical dependence or withdrawal symptoms have been documented. As with LSD, AL-LAD does not appear to produce physical dependencecitation needed, though formal studies have not been conducted.
Psychosis Risk
AL-LAD may act as a potential trigger for psychotic episodes in those with underlying psychiatric conditions. Those with a personal or family history of mental illness are advised not to use this substance.citation needed Delusions and adverse psychological reactions become more likely at higher doses, though overt psychosis appears uncommon in otherwise healthy individuals using the substance alone.
Seizure Risk
Seizures are rare but have been reported, primarily in those who are genetically predisposed to them,citation needed particularly when accompanied by physically taxing conditions such as dehydration, fatigue, or undernourishment. Those with preexisting seizure disorders should avoid AL-LAD.
History & Culture
AL-LAD was first synthesized and described in the scientific literature in 1976.citation needed The compound received further attention in 1984 when researchers Andrew J. Hoffman and David Nichols investigated it as part of a broader series of LSD analogues, which also included ETH-LAD and…
Trip Reports
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Legality
International
1961 Single Convention: AL-LAD is not individually scheduled.
1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances: AL-LAD is not individually scheduled.
1988 Convention: AL-LAD is not listed in precursor Tables I or II.
By Country
Illegal9
United StatesIllegal (analog/blanket ban)21 U.S.C. §§ 802(32), 81322
Current federal or national law provides the stated AL-LAD control mechanism in United States; analogue treatment remains fact- and context-dependent where applicable.
CanadaIllegal (analog/blanket ban)Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, Schedule III and analogue definition7
Canada controls LSD and its analogues through the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act; AL-LAD falls under analogue treatment rather than a separately named listing.
DenmarkIllegalSpecifically named on the list of controlled substances8 as of August 25, 2015.citation needed
FinlandBannedListed in a government decree banning psychoactive substances from the consumer market.9
FranceIllegalProhibited under national drug control legislation.10
JapanIllegalAL-LAD remains a designated drug in Japan under the PMD Act framework. The MHLW notice distinguishes promulgation on 28 February 2020 from entry into force on 9 March 2020; 9 March 2020 is the effective date. The current e-Gov ordinance specifies AL-LAD's exact chemical identity, while current MHLW guidance describes the general prohibitions and authorized-use scope without imposing an unqualified ban on every use or circumstance.
TurkeyIllegalProhibited under national drug control legislation as of February 2016.20
United KingdomIllegalMisuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) Order 201521
Current federal or national law provides the stated AL-LAD control mechanism in United Kingdom; analogue treatment remains fact- and context-dependent where applicable.
Controlled / restricted3
GermanyRestrictedNeue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetz, Anlage11
Current federal or national law provides the stated AL-LAD control mechanism in Germany; analogue treatment remains fact- and context-dependent where applicable.
LatviaControlled (as analogue)Although not officially scheduled by name, controlled as an LSD structural analogue17 under an amendment enacted June 1, 2015.citation needed
SwitzerlandRestrictedSwissmedic: Rohmaterialien und Erzeugnisse mit vermuteter betäubungsmittelähnlicher Wirkung (status 19.11.2024)19
Swissmedic warns that this aid is not exhaustive and that the BetmVV-EDI tables are legally binding; the Swissmedic list nevertheless directly identifies AL-LAD.
Not scheduled1
AustriaUnscheduled (potentially controlled as analogue)Not specifically scheduled, but may fall under the Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz (NPSG) as a structural analogue of LSD.6
References
Source Pages
Disregard Everything I Say
Drug Users Bible by Dominic Milton Trott- Drug Users Bible: AL-LAD
Isomer Design (TiHKAL/PiHKAL)- IsomerDesign: AL-LAD
PsychonautWiki
Shulgin: TiHKAL Entry #1 (AL-LAD)
The Drug Classroom
The Story of AL-LAD (TripSit)- TripSit Factsheet: AL-LAD
- TripSit Factsheets
- TripSit Wiki
- TripSit: Drug Combination Chart
Wikipedia
Citations
- Shulgin AT, & Shulgin A. (1997). #1 AL-LAD. TiHKAL: The Continuation. https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal01.shtml1
- Pfaff RC, Huang X, Marona-Lewicka D, Oberlender R, & Nichols DE. (1994). Lysergamides revisited. NIDA Research Monograph, 146, 52–73. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=dbc3139042e2b2baf5a2e6c65edc6afe9b131f7912
- Simon D. Brandt, Pierce V. Kavanagh, Folker Westphal, Simon P. Elliott, Jason Wallach, Tristan Colestock, Timothy E. Burrow, Stephen J. Chapman, Alexander Stratford, David E. Nichols, & Adam L. Halberstadt. (January 2017). 6 -allyl-6-norlysergic acid diethylamide (AL-LAD) and (2'S,4'S)-lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide (LSZ). Drug Testing and Analysis, 9(1), 38–50. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.198512
- In vitro metabolic fate of nine LSD-based new psychoactive substances and their analytical detectability in different urinary screening procedures. Anal Bioanal Chem, 411(19), 4751–4763 (July 2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1558-91
- Andrew J. Hoffman, & David E. Nichols. (September 1985). Synthesis and LSD-like discriminative stimulus properties in a series of N(6)-alkyl norlysergic acid N,N-diethylamide derivatives. J Med Chem, 28(9), 1252–1255. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00147a0221
- NPSG (Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz) § 1 Begriffsbestimmungen. (n.d.). https://www.jusline.at/gesetz/npsg/paragraf/11
- Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, Schedule III and analogue definition. laws-lois.justice.gc.ca (n.d.). https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-38.8/FullText.html1
- Bekendtgørelse om euforiserende stoffer (BEK nr 405 af 26/03/2026). (n.d.). https://www.lovtidende.dk/api/pdf/2559321
- FINLEX ® - Säädökset alkuperäisinä: Valtioneuvoston asetus kuluttajamarkkinoilta… 166/2016. www.finlex.fi (n.d.). https://www.finlex.fi/fi/lainsaadanto/saadoskokoelma/2016/1661
- Arrêté du 20 mai 2021 modifiant l'arrêté du 22 février 1990 fixant la liste des substances classées comme stupéfiants. Journal officiel de la République française (20 May 2021). https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT0000435235541
Article Status
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Recent changes8 human edits · latest
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24 July 2026
Lyrea · Updated the article
24 January 2026
Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more
Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more
Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more
Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more
Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more
Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more
Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more
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