1B-LSD
1B-LSD is a synthetic psychedelic of the lysergamide class and an acylated derivative of LSD.1 It first appeared on the research chemical market in 2018 and functions as a prodrug for LSD, producing a near-identical effect profile upon metabolism.23 Structurally distinguished by a butanoyl group bound to the nitrogen of LSD's indole system, 1B-LSD is roughly one-seventh the potency of LSD by weight.4
Contents
Dosage & Duration
Dosage
Duration
Subjective Effects
Effects vary widely by individual, dose, and context.
Physical
Cognitive
In comparison to other psychedelics such as Psilocin, LSA and Ayahuasca, 1B-LSD is significantly more stimulating and fast paced in terms of the specific style of thought stream which it produces and contains a large number of potential effects.
Visual
Geometry
The visual geometry of 1B-LSD can be described as more similar in appearance to that of 2C-B and the 2C-x family than psilocin, LSA, or DMT. They can be comprehensively described as unstructured in organization, algorithmic and digital in geometric style, intricate in complexity, large in size, fast and smooth in motion, multicoloured in scheme, bright and flat in colour, and sharp in their edges with extremely angular corners. At higher dosages they consistently result in states of Level 7A visual geometry.
Hallucinatory States
1B-LSD is capable of producing a full range of low and high level hallucinatory states in a fashion that is significantly less consistent and reproducible than that of many other commonly used psychedelics.
Auditory
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Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
1B-LSD is thought to act primarily as a prodrug for LSD, with its psychedelic effects likely mediated through partial agonism at serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. In rodent models, it produces psychedelic-like effects comparable to those of LSD but at approximately one-seventh the potency.34 Based on structural similarity to LSD, 1B-LSD may also interact with other monoamine receptors including those for dopamine and norepinephrine, though there is currently no experimental data to support this.
Pharmacokinetics
1B-LSD is deacylated in the body into LSD through removal of its butyryl group, a conversion catalyzed by the enzymes CYP1A2 and CYP3A4.234 This has been demonstrated in both human blood serum and rat models.2
Dangerous
Highest riskThese combinations are considered extremely harmful and should always be avoided. Reactions to these drugs taken in combination are highly unpredictable and have a potential to cause death.
Unsafe
AvoidThere is considerable risk of physical harm when taking these combinations, they should be avoided where possible.
Caution
Use cautionThese combinations are not usually physically harmful, but may produce undesirable effects, such as physical discomfort or overstimulation. Extreme use may cause physical health issues. Synergistic effects may be unpredictable. Care should be taken when choosing to use this combination.
Tolerance
Serotonergic psychedelics
Harm Potential
Addiction & Dependence
Psychological
Extremely LowAssumed to be non-addictive with low abuse potential based on similarity to LSD. Animal self-administration studies with LSD (a model predictive of abuse liability) have consistently failed, indicating the pharmacology does not support initiation or maintenance of dependence.5
Physical
Extremely LowVirtually no withdrawal syndrome is expected when use is stopped, based on comparison to LSD which produces no physical dependence.5
Psychosis Risk
1B-LSD may act as a trigger for psychotic episodes in individuals with underlying mental disorders or a personal or family history of mental illness. Higher doses increase the risk of adverse psychological reactions including delusions. Those predisposed to mental illness are advised not to use this substance outside of supervised medical settings.
Seizure Risk
Seizure risk is largely extrapolated from rare reports associated with LSD use. Seizures are thought to mainly affect those who are genetically predisposed, particularly when accompanied by physically taxing conditions such as dehydration, fatigue, undernourishment, or overheating.6
History & Culture
1B-LSD emerged on the online research chemical market in August 2016, following a pattern common among novel lysergamide derivatives designed to occupy legal grey areas in jurisdictions where LSD itself is controlled.41 The identity of…
Trip Reports
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Legality
International
Not scheduled under the UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances
By Country
References
Source Pages
Citations
- (February 2020). Identification of 1-Butyl-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (1B-LSD) in Seized Blotter Paper Using an Integrated Workflow of Analytical Techniques and Chemo-Informatics. Molecules, 25(3), 712. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030712123
- (July 2019). In vitro metabolic fate of nine LSD-based new psychoactive substances and their analytical detectability in different urinary screening procedures. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 411(19), 4751–4763. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1558-9123
- (August 2020). Pharmacological and biotransformation studies of 1-acyl-substituted derivatives of d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Neuropharmacology, 172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107856123
- (August 2019). Return of the lysergamides. Part V: Analytical and behavioural characterization of 1-butanoyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide (1B-LSD). Drug Testing and Analysis, 11(8), 1122–1133. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.26131234
- Nichols DE. (2016). Psychedelics. Pharmacological Reviews, 68(2), 264-355. https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.115.01147812
- Simonsson O, & Hendricks PS. (2022). Prevalence and associations of classic psychedelic-related seizures in a population-based sample. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.1095121
- (n.d.). Anlage NpSG (Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetz). Bundesministerium der Justiz / buzer.de. https://www.buzer.de/Anlage_NpSG.htm1
- (2019). § 4 NpSG. https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/__4.html1
- (2021). 指定薬物を指定する省令が公布されました. https://www.mhlw.go.jp/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iyakuhin/yakubuturanyou/oshirase/20200826-1.html1
- (n.d.). Misuse of Drugs Act (MDA) — Central Narcotics Bureau, Singapore (amendments effective 1 May 2020). sso.agc.gov.sg.1
- (n.d.). Psychoactive Substances Act 2016. UK Government. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/2/contents/enacted1
- (n.d.). 21 U.S. Code § 813 - Treatment of controlled substance analogues. https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/8131
Further Reading
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Reviewed, edited, and approved by subject-matter expert Lyrea.
Automated synthesisInformation aggregated and synthesized using an autonomous workflow built by Josie Kins.
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