white → pink1 → pink2 → purple2
dose.wiki is still in beta. Entries may contain inaccuracies and/or lack citations. See our docs for more info.
LSZ
Lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide
LA-SS-Az, Lambda, Diazedine
LSZ is a semi-synthetic psychedelic of the lysergamide class developed in the 2000s by a team led by David E. Nichols at Purdue University1 as a rigid analog of LSD, with its diethylamide group constrained into an azetidine ring.1 Like LSD, it is extremely potent and active in the microgram range.2 It appeared on research chemical markets around 2012 and is commonly described as producing LSD-like effects with a somewhat more introspective character.
Dosage & Duration
Dosage
Doses are population estimates that vary widely between individuals.
Threshold~10 µg
Light10-100 µg
Moderate100-300 µg
Strong300-400 µg
Heavy400+ µg
Dosage guidelines for LSZ remain provisional owing to the compound's limited history of human use. LSZ did not see broad availability until 2013, and the resulting documentation is sparse. Individual responses can differ considerably; some user accounts indicate that LSZ may be modestly more potent than LSD on a weight-for-weight basis, although this has not been conclusively verified.
Duration
Onset20-60 minutes
Come Up15-30 minutes
Peak3-5 hours
Offset2-3 hours
After Effects2-5 hours
Total6-10 hours
Subjective Effects
Legacy content. A statistically backed ontology from Mindstate Design Labs is coming soon.
Effects vary widely by individual, dose, and context.
Physical
Cognitive
Analysis enhancementConceptual thinkingCreativity enhancementDelusionsEmotion enhancementImmersion enhancementMemory suppressionEgo deathMindfulnessNovelty enhancementPersonal bias suppressionSpirituality enhancementThought accelerationThought disorganizationThought loopsTime distortionUnity and interconnectednessWakefulness
Visual
Auditory
See also: Psychedelic Intensity Scale, Effects of psychedelics (visual, cognitive, miscellaneous)
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
LSZ acts as a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist with especially high affinity for the 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, and 5-HT1A receptorscitation needed. It is a potent agonist of the 5-HT2A13 and 5-HT2C receptors with potency and efficacy comparable to LSD, though it has also been characterized as a 5-HT2A partial agonist. LSZ may be more potent than LSD at the 5-HT1A receptor, and it fully substitutes for LSD in rodent drug discrimination assays at approximately 1.8-fold greater potencycitation needed. The compound also interacts with dopamine receptors4 and has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in preclinical research.
Pharmacokinetics
In pooled human-liver S9 incubations, LSZ produced nine tentatively identified metabolites: lysergic acid amide, lysergic acid, hydroxy lysergic acid amide, N6-demethyl-LSZ, three hydroxy-LSZ isomers, dihydroxy-LSZ, and a hydroxy-LSZ glucuronide. Recombinant-enzyme experiments implicated CYP3A4 in N6-demethylation and both CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 in hydroxylation. Lysergic acid and lysergic acid amide were detected in pooled human liver microsomes but not in the recombinant monooxygenase incubations, so the authors proposed that amidases may mediate those hydrolytic products. These findings describe parallel in-vitro pathways; they do not establish their quantitative importance, sequence, clearance contribution, or clinical interaction effects in living humans, and the positions of several hydroxy metabolites were not definitively assigned.5
Dangerous
Highest riskThese combinations are considered extremely harmful and should always be avoided. Reactions to these drugs taken in combination are highly unpredictable and have a potential to cause death.
Unsafe
AvoidThere is considerable risk of physical harm when taking these combinations, they should be avoided where possible.
Caution
Use cautionThese combinations are not usually physically harmful, but may produce undesirable effects, such as physical discomfort or overstimulation. Extreme use may cause physical health issues. Synergistic effects may be unpredictable. Care should be taken when choosing to use this combination.
Tolerance
Tolerance timelines are rules of thumb, not exact schedules, and vary widely between individuals and use patterns.
Full Tolerance
Tolerance to the effects of LSZ develops almost immediately after ingestion.
Baseline Reset
Approximately 7 days
Half Tolerance
Approximately 3 days
Cross Tolerance
Serotonergic psychedelics
Harm Potential
Addiction & Dependence
Psychological
Extremely LowLSZ is not considered habit-forming and the desire to use it may actually decrease with repeated use. It is typically self-regulating in nature.citation needed
Physical
Extremely LowLSZ is not considered physiologically addictive. No physical dependence or withdrawal symptoms have been documented.citation needed
Psychosis Risk
Adverse psychological reactions including severe anxiety, paranoia, and psychosis are possible, particularly in individuals predisposed to mental illness. As a psychological amplifier, LSZ can intensify existing mental states and may produce paranoia or distressing experiences such as feelings of dying.
History & Culture
Development as a Research Tool
The development of LSZ traces back to efforts by David E. Nichols and colleagues at Purdue University to create conformationally restricted analogues of LSD for use as pharmacological research tools.citation needed The goal was to better understand how LSD orients itself when binding to the…
Legality
International
LSZ does not appear in the official schedules checked for the 1961 Single Convention or the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances. The 1988 Convention control tables were also checked; LSZ is not listed.
By Country
Illegal16
AustriaIllegal (analog/blanket ban)Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Verordnung (NPSV), Anlage II; Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz (NPSG) § 4910
LSZ (lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide) is covered as a 9,10-didehydroergoline-8-carboxamide derivative with substitution at the amide nitrogen under Annex II of Austria’s Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Verordnung, in force in this form since 19 April 2024. Austria’s Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz makes producing, importing, exporting, supplying, or procuring a covered new psychoactive substance for psychoactive human use for gain punishable by up to two years’ imprisonment; aggravated outcomes carry one to ten years.
BelgiumIllegalRoyal Decree of 6 September 2017 regulating narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances11
LSZ is included in Belgium's official agency publication of Annex IV to the controlled-substances regime. The publication identifies it as lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide.
FranceIllegalArrêté du 22 février 1990 fixant la liste des substances classées comme stupéfiants15
LSZ is classified as a narcotic substance in France. It appears by name in the national list of substances classified as stupéfiants.
GermanyIllegal (analog/blanket ban)Verordnung zur Änderung der Anlage des Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetzes und von Anlagen des BtMG16171819
Controlled under the New Psychoactive Substances Act as of July 18, 2019.17 Production, import with intent to market, administration to others, and trading are punishable offenses. Possession is prohibited but not subject to criminal penalty.
LatviaIllegalSince 1 June 2021, LSZ (lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide) is included in Latvia's Schedule I through the generic lysergamides entry, which expressly covers lysergic-acid amides with the amide nitrogen incorporated in a ring. Schedule I substances may not be cultivated, manufactured, prepared, imported, exported, distributed, advertised, transported, stored, transferred, purchased, used, or sent through Latvia.
PolandIllegal (analog/blanket ban)Rozporządzenie Ministra Zdrowia z dnia 17 sierpnia 2018 r. w sprawie wykazu substancji psychotropowych, środków odurzających oraz nowych substancji psychoaktywnych (tekst jednolity: Dz.U. 2024 poz. 1139)293031
LSZ (lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide) is covered in Poland as a new psychoactive substance by the generic VI-NPS class for tryptamine derivatives. The class covers Δ9,10-ergolene derivatives whose amide nitrogen forms a dimethylazetidine ring, so LSZ is controlled even though it is not separately named; the regulation has applied since 21 August 2018. Unauthorized possession, manufacture, and supply of a new psychoactive substance are regulated under the Act on Counteracting Drug Addiction.
PortugalIllegal (analog/blanket ban)Portugal classifies LSZ as a derivative of LSA (lysergic acid amide), which is listed in the annex to Portaria n.º 154/2013 under “Outros.” Article 3 of Decreto-Lei n.º 54/2013 extends that classification to derivatives, isomers, salts, and preparations of listed substances. Production, import, export, advertising, distribution, sale, possession, and supply of the resulting new psychoactive substance are prohibited unless authorised by INFARMED for industrial or pharmaceutical use; the regime entered into force in April 2013.
South AfricaIllegal (analog/blanket ban)Drugs and Drug Trafficking Act 140 of 1992, as amended by the Drugs and Drug Trafficking Amendment Act 14 of 20223637
LSZ is an analogue-covered undesirable dependence-producing substance under Schedule 2 Part III: the schedule names lysergide (lysergic acid diethylamide) and extends each listed substance to chemically related homologues with a similar structural fragment or similar pharmacodynamic properties. The current Schedule 2 was substituted with effect from 14 December 2022. Use, possession, and dealing are prohibited except under the Act's specified lawful medicinal and regulatory exceptions; contravention of the possession prohibition carries up to 15 years' imprisonment, while dealing carries up to 25 years.
TurkeyIllegal2313 sayılı Uyuşturucu Maddelerin Murakabesi Hakkında Kanun, Article 19; Bakanlar Kurulu Kararı 2016/9712 (RG 12.01.2017/29946); Türk Ceza Kanunu No. 5237, Articles 188 and 191444546
LSZ is expressly controlled by name in Turkey. The annex to Bakanlar Kurulu Kararı 2016/9712 lists Lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide, the exact substance identified by PubChem as LSZ (also LA-SS-AZ and DIAZEDINE; CAS RN 470666-31-0), and places it under Law No. 2313 pursuant to Article 19. The decision was published in Resmî Gazete No. 29946 on 12 January 2017 and remains in the operative decision set through scheduling decision No. 11418 of 13 June 2026. Turkish Penal Code Article 188 prohibits unauthorized manufacture and import and covers unauthorized sale, offering, giving, dispatch, transport, storage, purchase, acceptance, and possession; Article 191 separately covers purchase, acceptance, possession, or use for personal use. The prohibitions are not absolute bars on authorized medical or scientific handling, and Article 191 includes deferred-prosecution, probation, and possible treatment procedures for the personal-use offence.
Not scheduled4
United StatesNot scheduledLSZ is subject to conditional federal analogue coverage, but not every possession is automatically treated as possession of a Schedule I substance. No exact LSZ listing appears in the DEA list; 21 U.S.C. §802(32) defines analogue coverage.
CanadaNot scheduledControlled Drugs and Substances Act12
LSZ is not controlled under the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act. Health Canada's Drug Analysis Service identifies LSZ as 2,4-dimethylazetidide LSD and records its controlled status as not controlled.
IsraelNot scheduledLSZ (lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide) is not listed in the First Addendum to Israel's Dangerous Drugs Ordinance [New Version], 5733-1973. The Ordinance treats only a substance listed in that Addendum, including its salt and a preparation, compound, mixture, or solution, as a dangerous drug; the Addendum's LSD entry and its separate provision for listed substances' optical isomers, stereoisomers, esters, and ethers do not name LSZ. Israel therefore does not schedule LSZ under this Ordinance.
NorwayNot scheduledLSZ (lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide; LA-SS-Az) is not named in Norway's current Narkotikalisten. The Narkotikaforskriften defines narcotics as substances, substance groups, drugs, plants and fungi listed there, and extends that status to salts, stereoisomers, esters, ethers and preparations of listed items with actual or assumed psychoactive effect. The list and those enumerated extensions do not identify LSZ or establish a general structural-analogue category that captures it.
References
Source Pages
Citations
- David E. Nichols, Stewart Frescas, Danuta Marona-Lewicka, & Deborah M. Kurrasch-Orbaugh. (2002-09-12). Lysergamides of isomeric 2,4-dimethylazetidines map the binding orientation of the diethylamide moiety in the potent hallucinogenic agent N,N-diethyllysergamide (LSD). Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 45(19), 4344-4349. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm020153s12345
- Adam L. Halberstadt, Mandeep Chatha, Alexandra K. Klein, Jason Wallach, & Simon D. Brandt. (2020). Correlation between the potency of hallucinogens in the mouse head-twitch response assay and their behavioral and subjective effects in other species. Neuropharmacology, 167, Article 107933. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.1079331
- Brandt SD, Kavanagh PV, Westphal F, Elliott SP, Wallach J, Colestock T, Burrow TE, Chapman SJ, Stratford A, Nichols DE, & Halberstadt AL. (2017). Return of the lysergamides. Part II: Analytical and behavioural characterization of N6-allyl-6-norlysergic acid diethylamide (AL-LAD) and (2'S,4'S)-lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide (LSZ). Drug Testing and Analysis, 9(1), 38-50. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.198512
- Ray TS. (2010). Psychedelics and the Human Receptorome. PLOS ONE, 5(2), Article e9019. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.000901912
- Lea Wagmann, Lilian H. J. Richter, Tobias Kehl, Franziska Wack, Madeleine Pettersson Bergstrand, Simon D. Brandt, Alexander Stratford, Hans H. Maurer, & Markus R. Meyer. (2019). In vitro metabolic fate of nine LSD-based new psychoactive substances and their analytical detectability in different urinary screening procedures. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1558-91
- Life Is a Cosmic Giggle on the Breath of the Universe. Vice Magazine (1 May 2011). https://www.vice.com/en/article/life-is-a-cosmic-giggle-803-v18n5/1
- Decreto 560/2019. servicios.infoleg.gob.ar (n.d.). https://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/325000-329999/326675/norma.htm1
- Decreto 560/2019. servicios.infoleg.gob.ar (n.d.). https://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/325000-329999/326675/dec560-1.pdf1
- Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Verordnung (NPSV), Anlage II; Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz (NPSG) § 4. ris.bka.gv.at (n.d.). https://ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Bundesnormen/NOR40261441/II_106_2024_Anlage_II.pdf1
- Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Verordnung (NPSV), Anlage II; Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz (NPSG) § 4. ris.bka.gv.at (n.d.). https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=200076051
Further Reading
Article Status
Step 1 · Automated synthesisAn autonomous workflow built by Josie Kins compiled this article's foundation from information published across the web.
- Step 2 · First-pass review
A first pass manual review and edit of article prose and copy has been performed by subject-matter expert Lyrea. This does not guarantee factual accuracy. An additional human review for each of this article's citations is yet to be performed.
- Step 3 · Citation reviewPending
No one has reviewed this article's citations yet. That second pass checks each claim against the source it cites.
Recent changes8 human edits · latest
Times are UTCNewest first
31 July 2026
Lyrea · Updated the article
14 July 2026
Lyrea · Updated the article
24 January 2026
Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more
Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more
Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more
Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more
Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more
Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more
Suggest an edit
Spotted a mistake, an outdated claim, or something missing from the LSZ article? Send the editors a private note. Feedback lands in a moderation queue and is never shown on the site.
Wish to give generalised feedback? You can do so here.
