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2C-I

2C-I molecule structure2C-I molecule structure
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodophenethylamine
Smiles
Psychoactive Class
Chemical Class

2C-I is a synthetic phenethylamine psychedelic and member of the 2C-x family, a group of compounds derived through systematic modifications of mescaline. Alexander Shulgin synthesized it in 1976 and included it in PiHKAL, published in 1991.citation needed Often compared to 2C-B though less widely used, 2C-I gained popularity as a recreational psychedelic in the late 1990s. It is sometimes confused with the more dangerous analog 25I-NBOMe.

Dosage & Duration

Dosage

Doses are population estimates that vary widely between individuals.

Threshold~2 mg
Light2-10 mg
Moderate10-20 mg
Strong20-30 mg
Heavy30+ mg

Effects respond steeply to small dose changes; a difference of as little as 2 mg can noticeably alter intensity, so gradual titration is advised. Doses above 35 mg can be unpleasantly strong even for experienced users.

Duration

Onset20-90 minutes
Come Up30-60 minutes
Peak3-5 hours
Offset1-2 hours
After Effects4-12 hours
Total6-10 hours

Subjective Effects

Legacy content. A statistically backed ontology from Mindstate Design Labs is coming soon.

Effects vary widely by individual, dose, and context.

Physical

Increased bodily controlTactile enhancementTemperature regulation loss

Cognitive

The head space of 2C-I is described by many as one which is relatively normal in its thought processes even at moderate to high dosages. It is often said to lack insight when compared to that of 2C-E, 2C-B and LSD.

Visual

Distortions

TracersColour shiftingScenery slicing

Geometry

The visual geometry of 2C-I can be described as more similar in appearance to that of LSD or 2C-B than that of 2C-E, psilocin, or ayahuasca although it is much more bland and less detailed. They can be comprehensively described as unstructured in their organization, algorithmic in geometric style, intricate in complexity, large in size, fast and smooth in motion, colourful in scheme, glossy in colour, both soft and sharp in their edges as well as equally rounded and angular in their corners. They seem high in algorithmic visuals such as fractals and at higher dosages are significantly more likely to result in states of Level 7A visual geometry over Level 7B.

Hallucinatory States

Like LSD, while 2C-I is capable of producing a full range of low and high level hallucinatory states, this is extremely rare and inconsistent at higher levels but common at lower levels.

Auditory

Forked from Subjective Effect Documentation byJosie Kins March 2014.

See also: Psychedelic Intensity Scale, Effects of psychedelics (visual, cognitive, miscellaneous)

Reagent Testing

Expected colorimetric results for common reagent tests. Colors show reaction change over 1–2 minutes.

Marquis(MQ)
white → green3 → black3
Mecke(ME)
white → brown2 → brown3 → black3
Mandelin(MD)
yellow2 → brown2 → brown3 → black3
Robadope(RB)
orange1 → pink1 → pink2 → blue2
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Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

2C-I has assay-dependent signaling at human serotonin receptors. In recombinant-cell assays it was a full agonist at 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors in the inositol-phosphate pathway, but an antagonist at 5-HT2A in an arachidonic-acid-release assay. It also had moderate affinity but very low functional potency at the serotonin transporter. These results support a serotonergic mechanism while cautioning against describing 2C-I with one unqualified efficacy label. [S1]

Pharmacokinetics

Experiments with recombinant human enzymes identified MAO-A and MAO-B as the major enzymes catalyzing 2C-I deamination to its corresponding aldehyde. [S2] In rats, 2C-I also underwent O-demethylation at both methoxy positions, N-acetylation, and deamination followed by oxidation or reduction; the parent compound and many metabolites were partly excreted as conjugates. [S3] The rat study did not have authentic human urine, so this metabolite pattern must not be presented as a confirmed human profile. [S3]

Metabolitesnone documented yet

Interactions

Dangerous

Highest risk

These combinations are considered extremely harmful and should always be avoided. Reactions to these drugs taken in combination are highly unpredictable and have a potential to cause death.

Unsafe

Avoid

There is considerable risk of physical harm when taking these combinations, they should be avoided where possible.

Caution

Use caution

These combinations are not usually physically harmful, but may produce undesirable effects, such as physical discomfort or overstimulation. Extreme use may cause physical health issues. Synergistic effects may be unpredictable. Care should be taken when choosing to use this combination.

2C-T-x compounds5-MeO-xxT tryptaminesAmphetaminesCannabisCocaineDOx compoundsMAOIsMescalineNBOMe compounds
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Tolerance

Tolerance timelines are rules of thumb, not exact schedules, and vary widely between individuals and use patterns.

Full Tolerance
Tolerance to the effects of 2C-I develops almost immediately after ingestion. Using 2C-I on consecutive days will result in a noticeably diminished experience on the second day.
Baseline Reset
7-10 days without further consumption. Some sources suggest that spacing use 5-7 days apart results in minimal tolerance effects.
Half Tolerance
3-5 days
Cross Tolerance

Serotonergic psychedelicscitation needed

Harm Potential

Addiction & Dependence

Psychological

Extremely Low

2C-I is not considered habit-forming and the desire to use it may actually decrease with repeated use, consistent with classical psychedelics. Some individuals may use it more frequently than intended, but psychological dependence is unlikely.

Physical

Extremely Low

2C-I is not physically addicting and withdrawal effects following discontinuation have not been reported.

Psychosis Risk

As with psychedelics generally, 2C-I may trigger latent psychological and mental problems in susceptible individuals. Those with a family history of schizophrenia or early onset mental illness should exercise extreme caution. Acute psychological effects such as disorientation, confusion, anxiety, and fear of death may occur during intoxication.

History & Culture

Discovery and Synthesis

2C-I was first synthesized and investigated for human activity by Alexander Shulgin in the mid-to-late 1970s. The compound was initially described in scientific literature in 1977citation needed, with its properties and effects in humans documented the following year. Shulgin later provided a

Trip Reports

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Legality

International

1961 Single Convention: 2C-I is not individually scheduled.

1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Schedule I.

1988 Convention: 2C-I is not listed in precursor Tables I or II.

By Country

Illegal27
United States flagUnited StatesIllegal
Australia flagAustraliaIllegal
Austria flagAustriaIllegal
Belgium flagBelgiumIllegal
Brazil flagBrazilIllegal
Canada flagCanadaIllegal
China flagChinaIllegal
Czech Republic flagCzech RepublicIllegal
Denmark flagDenmarkIllegal
Estonia flagEstoniaIllegal
Finland flagFinlandIllegal
France flagFranceIllegal
Germany flagGermanyIllegal
Greece flagGreeceIllegal
Ireland flagIrelandIllegal
Israel flagIsraelIllegal
Italy flagItalyIllegal
Japan flagJapanIllegal
Latvia flagLatviaIllegal
Netherlands flagNetherlandsIllegal
New Zealand flagNew ZealandIllegal (analog/blanket ban)
Poland flagPolandIllegal
Portugal flagPortugalIllegal
Sweden flagSwedenIllegal
Switzerland flagSwitzerlandIllegal
Turkey flagTurkeyIllegal
United Kingdom flagUnited KingdomIllegal

References

Source Pages

  1. Disregard Everything I Say
  2. Drug Users Bible by Dominic Milton Trott
  3. Drug Users Bible: Index
  4. Erowid
  5. Erowid: 2C-I Basics
  6. Erowid: 2C-I Basics
  7. Erowid: 2C-I Dosage
  8. Isomer Design (TiHKAL/PiHKAL)
  9. PsychonautWiki
  10. The Drug Classroom
  11. TripSit Factsheet: 2C-I
  12. TripSit Factsheets
  13. Wikipedia
  14. Wikipedia: 2C (psychedelics)

Citations

  1. Alexander Shulgin, & Ann Shulgin. (1991). PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story. Transform Press. https://erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal033.shtml1
  2. Therapeutic Goods (Poisons Standard—June 2026) Instrument 2026. legislation.gov.au (n.d.). https://www.legislation.gov.au/F2026L00633/asmade/2026-05-28/text/original/epub/OEBPS/document_1/document_1.html1
  3. Suchtgiftverordnung (SV), current RIS consolidated text. ris.bka.gv.at (n.d.). https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung/Bundesnormen/10011053/Suchtgiftverordnung%2c%20Fassung%20vom%2027.08.2026.pdf1
  4. Suchtmittelgesetz (SMG), current RIS consolidated text. ris.bka.gv.at (n.d.). https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung/Bundesnormen/10011040/SMG%2c%20Fassung%20vom%2027.08.2026.pdf1
  5. Suchtgift-Grenzmengenverordnung (SGV), current RIS consolidated text. ris.bka.gv.at (n.d.). https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung/Bundesnormen/10011056/Suchtgift-Grenzmengenverordnung%2c%20Fassung%20vom%2027.08.2026.pdf1
  6. UNODC Global Synthetic Drugs Assessment 2020. unodc.org (n.d.). https://www.unodc.org/documents/scientific/Global_Synthetic_Drugs_Assessment_2020.pdf1
  7. Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz (NPSG), current RIS consolidated text. ris.bka.gv.at (n.d.). https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung/Bundesnormen/20007605/NPSG%2c%20Fassung%20vom%2027.08.2026.pdf1
  8. Arrêté royal du 18 octobre 2004 modifiant l'arrêté royal du 22 janvier 1998 réglementant certaines substances psychotropes. ejustice.just.fgov.be (n.d.). https://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/eli/arrete/2004/10/18/2004022875/justel1
  9. Arrêté royal du 6 septembre 2017 réglementant les substances stupéfiantes et psychotropes. ejustice.just.fgov.be (n.d.). https://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/eli/arrete/2017/09/06/2017031231/justel1
  10. Annexe IV non-official consolidated version (AFMPS), Annex IVa. afmps.be (n.d.). https://www.afmps.be/sites/default/files/content/INSP/NARC/annex%20IV_non%20official%20consolidated%20version.pdf1

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Recent changes8 human edits · latest

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31 July 2026

  1. Lyrea · Updated the article

24 January 2026

  1. Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more

  2. Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more

  3. Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more

  4. Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more

  5. Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more

  6. Josie Kins · Updated the article · also 1,4-Butanediol, 1B-LSD, 1cP-AL-LAD and 573 more

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