1V-LSD

1-Valeroyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide

Valerie

Psychoactive Class

Chemical Class

1V-LSD is a synthetic psychedelic of the lysergamide class and a structural analogue of LSD, featuring a valeryl group bound to the indole nitrogen.¹ It first appeared in mid-2021 as a research chemical following the German scheduling of 1cP-LSD. 1V-LSD is theorized to act as a prodrug for LSD,¹ and user reports describe its subjective effects as near-identical to those of LSD and 1P-LSD.

Dosage & Duration

Dosage

Threshold~15 µg

Light15-75 µg

Moderate75-150 µg

Strong150-300 µg

Heavy300+ µg

Duration

Onset20-60 minutes

Come Up45-120 minutes

Peak3-5 hours

Offset3-5 hours

After Effects6-24 hours

Total8-12 hours

Subjective Effects

Effects vary widely by individual, dose, and context.

Physical

Increased bodily control

Cognitive

In comparison to other psychedelics such as Psilocin, LSA and Ayahuasca, 1V-LSD is significantly more stimulating and fast paced in terms of the specific style of thought stream which it produces and contains a large number of potential effects.

Enhancement of current mind state Acceleration of thought Feelings of fascination, importance and awe Time distortion Introspection Deja-Vu Multiple thought streams Removal of cultural filter Conceptual thinking Ego suppression, loss and death Personality regression Thought loops Feelings of interdependent opposites Delusions States of unity and interconnectedness

Visual

Distortions

Tracers After images Texture repetition Colour shifting Scenery slicing

Enhancements

Increased visual acuity Enhancement of colours Enhanced pattern recognition

Geometry

The visual geometry of 1V-LSD can be described as more similar in appearance to that of 2C-B and the 2C-x family than psilocin, LSA, or DMT. They can be comprehensively described as unstructured in organization, algorithmic and digital in geometric style, intricate in complexity, large in size, fast and smooth in motion, multicoloured in scheme, bright and flat in colour, and sharp in their edges with extremely angular corners. At higher dosages they consistently result in states of Level 7A visual geometry.

Hallucinatory States

1V-LSD is capable of producing a full range of low and high level hallucinatory states in a fashion that is significantly less consistent and reproducible than that of many other commonly used psychedelics.

External hallucinations

Auditory

Enhancements Distortions Hallucinations

Adapted from the LSD subjective effects documentation. 1V-LSD is a prodrug of LSD and is reported to produce an effectively identical experience. Forked from Subjective Effect Documentation

by Josie KinsOctober 2012.

Reagent Testing

Expected colorimetric results for common reagent tests. Colors show reaction change over 1–2 minutes.

Marquis(MQ)

Ehrlich(EH)

No reaction

Hofmann(HM)

No reaction

PROtestkit.eu

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

In mice, 1V-LSD produced a dose-dependent head-twitch response, a 5-HT2A-mediated behavioral assay, with an ED50 of 373 nmol/kg; the ED50 for LSD under the comparison used by the authors was 132.8 nmol/kg.¹ This establishes LSD-like in-vivo serotonergic activity in mice, but it does not show whether the response came from 1V-LSD itself or from LSD formed after hydrolysis.¹

Pharmacokinetics

1V-LSD is hypothesized to be hydrolyzed to LSD and to act as an LSD prodrug, but direct biotransformation and receptor-pharmacology studies of 1V-LSD are still needed to establish that mechanism.¹ Serum, liver, receptor, and in-vivo deacylation experiments cited for the broader class tested other N1-acyl lysergamides, including ALD-52, 1P-LSD, and 1B-LSD, rather than 1V-LSD.²

Interactions

Dangerous

Highest risk

These combinations are considered extremely harmful and should always be avoided. Reactions to these drugs taken in combination are highly unpredictable and have a potential to cause death.

Lithium

Unsafe

Avoid

There is considerable risk of physical harm when taking these combinations, they should be avoided where possible.

Tramadol

Caution

Use caution

These combinations are not usually physically harmful, but may produce undesirable effects, such as physical discomfort or overstimulation. Extreme use may cause physical health issues. Synergistic effects may be unpredictable. Care should be taken when choosing to use this combination.

AmphetaminesCannabisCocaineDiphenhydramineMephedronePregabalin

TripSit

Tolerance

Full Tolerance

Tolerance to the effects of 1V-LSD develops almost immediately after ingestion.

Baseline Reset

Approximately 14 days to return to baseline tolerance in the absence of further consumption.

Half Tolerance

Approximately 5-7 days for tolerance to reduce to half in the absence of further consumption.

Cross Tolerance

Psychedelics (all serotonergic psychedelics will have a reduced effect after 1V-LSD use)

Harm Potential

Addiction & Dependence

Psychological

Extremely Low

Assumed to be non-addictive with low abuse potential based on similarity to LSD. Animal studies with LSD show no successful self-administration, indicating lack of reinforcing pharmacology necessary to initiate or maintain dependence.³

Physical

Extremely Low

No physical dependence expected. Virtually no withdrawal syndrome is reported when chronic LSD use is stopped⁴, and 1V-LSD is assumed to share this property.

Psychosis Risk

May act as a trigger for psychotic episodes in individuals with underlying mental disorders or family history of mental illness.⁴ Higher doses increase the risk of adverse psychological reactions including delusions. Those with personal or family history of mental illness are advised not to use this substance outside supervised medical settings.

Seizure Risk

Seizures are rare but have been reported with LSD, from which 1V-LSD's risk is extrapolated.⁵ Primarily a concern in genetically predisposed individuals, particularly when accompanied by physically taxing conditions such as dehydration, fatigue, undernourishment, or overheating.

History & Culture

1V-LSD emerged on the online research chemical market in June or July of 2021. Its appearance coincided with the announcement of new German scheduling controls targeting 1cP-LSD under the Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetz (NpSG), suggesting the compound was developed and released specifically as a…

Legality

International

1V-LSD is not listed in the current schedules of the 1961 Single Convention or the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances, or in Tables I and II of the 1988 Convention. LSD is separately listed in Schedule I of the 1971 Convention.

By Country

United StatesUnscheduled (Analogue Act may apply)Citation needed

Not specifically scheduled under the Controlled Substances Act. However, since 1V-LSD functions as a prodrug for LSD, its possession and sale may be prosecutable under the Federal Analogue Act when sold or possessed with intent for human consumption.

AustriaIllegal (analog/blanket ban)Anlage II

Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Verordnung (NPSV), Anlage II Nr. 11⁸⁹

Not technically illegal as a specific substance, but may fall under the Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz (NPSG) as an analogue of LSD, making it illegal to supply for human consumption.

BrazilNot scheduledLista F2

RDC Anvisa nº 1.036, de 9 de julho de 2026¹⁴

The consolidated Annex I to Portaria SVS/MS nº 344/1998 places LSD, 1B-LSD, 1cP-LSD, and 1P-LSD in Lista F2, the list of substances prohibited in Brazil. 1V-LSD (1-valeroyl-LSD) is not named in the current list, and Lista F2's structural controls apply to synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones, and phenethylamines rather than lysergamides. It is unscheduled under this instrument.

ChinaIllegal增补目录

Announcement on Including 46 Substances Including Brorphine in the Supplementary List of Controlled Non-Medical Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances¹⁷¹⁸

1V-LSD (戊酰麦角酰二乙胺) is included in the Supplementary List of Controlled Non-Medical Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances by the joint 2024 announcement of the Ministry of Public Security, National Health Commission, and National Medical Products Administration. The listing takes effect on 1 July 2024. As a non-medical narcotic or psychotropic substance, it may be used only for experimental research under the regulation; production, dealing, use, storage, and transport are prohibited.

GermanyIllegalAnlage 1

Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetz²²²³²⁴

Controlled under the Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetz (New Psychoactive Substances Act). An initial amendment in September 2022 failed to take effect due to a punctuation error in the legislation. The law was corrected in March 2023, effectively banning 1V-LSD. Production and import with intent to market, administration to another person, and trading are punishable offenses. Possession is illegal but not penalized.²¹

JapanIllegal指定薬物

Ordinance Partially Amending the Ordinance Specifying Designated Substances under Article 2(15) and Medical Uses under Article 76-4 of the Act on Securing Quality, Efficacy and Safety of Products Including Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices (MHLW Ordinance No. 21 of 2023)^2627282930

1V-LSD is a designated substance under Japan's Act on Securing Quality, Efficacy and Safety of Products Including Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices. Since 20 March 2023, manufacture, import, sale, transfer, possession, purchase, and storage or display for sale or transfer are prohibited except for specified medical and other authorized uses.

PolandIllegalWykaz nowych substancji psychoaktywnych

Regulation of the Minister of Health of 8 April 2024 amending the Regulation on the list of psychotropic substances, narcotic drugs and new psychoactive substances (Dz.U. 2024 poz. 536)³³³⁴

1V-LSD has been listed in Poland's list of new psychoactive substances since 25 April 2024. Unauthorised possession is punishable by a fine, while unauthorised manufacture, import, supply, and sale are criminal offences; significant quantities carry higher penalties. The substance may be handled only under the statutory authorisation regime for new psychoactive substances.

South KoreaTemporarily controlledCitation needed

Placed under legal control in July 2022 on a temporary but renewable basis under the national drug scheduling system.

SwitzerlandControlled (Verzeichnis E)Citation needed

It is controlled under the Swiss narcotics schedules as a lysergic acid derivative listed in Verzeichnis E, point 263. Use is permitted only when it is exclusively for scientific or industrial purposes.

United KingdomIllegal (Psychoactive Substances Act)⁴¹Citation needed

Illegal to produce, supply, or import under the Psychoactive Substances Act 2016, which came into effect on May 26, 2016.⁴² The Act creates a blanket ban on psychoactive substances intended for human consumption.⁴³ Personal possession is not criminalized under this Act.⁴⁴

ArgentinaIllegalAnexo I

Decreto 122/2026⁶⁷

1V-LSD is listed in Anexo I of Decreto 122/2026 as the diethylamide of 1-valeryl-D-lysergic acid, making it an estupefaciente under Argentina's decree-based controlled-substances list from 3 March 2026. Production, sale, supply, and possession without authorization are criminal offences under Ley 23.737.

BelgiumIllegalAnnex IVB

Royal Decree of 6 September 2017 regulating narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, as amended by the Royal Decree of 27 December 2021^10111213

1V-LSD (1-valeroyl LSD) is listed in Annex IVB of Belgium's Royal Decree of 6 September 2017 regulating narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. The decree requires a prior activities permit for possession, manufacture, import, export, transport, sale, supply, or acquisition of Annex IV substances, and violations are punishable under the Drug Law.

CanadaNot scheduledNot controlled

Controlled Drugs and Substances Act¹⁵¹⁶

Not a controlled substance under Canadian drug legislation. No specific scheduling exists for this compound.

DenmarkRestrictedListe B

Bekendtgørelse om euforiserende stoffer (BEK nr. 405 af 26. marts 2026)¹⁹²⁰

1V-LSD is listed in Liste B of the Danish Order on euphoriant substances. The Order permits euphoriant substances to be used only for medical or scientific purposes, and restricts their import, export, sale, purchase, supply, receipt, manufacture, processing, and possession to activity authorized under the Order. The current Order entered into force on 29 March 2026.

ItalyIllegalTabella I

Ministerial Decree of 20 October 2022 updating the tables under Presidential Decree No. 309 of 1990²⁵

1V-LSD is listed in Tabella I of the Italian controlled-substances tables. The listing took effect fifteen days after publication in the Gazzetta Ufficiale and places the substance within the control regime of Presidential Decree No. 309 of 1990.

LatviaIllegal (analog/blanket ban)I saraksts

Par Krimināllikuma spēkā stāšanās un piemērošanas kārtību, 2. pielikums³¹³²

Although not officially scheduled as a named substance, it is controlled as an LSD structural analogue pursuant to an amendment implemented on June 1, 2015.

SingaporeIllegal (analog/blanket ban)Class A Drugs

Misuse of Drugs Act 1973, First Schedule³⁵³⁶³⁷

1V-LSD is covered as a Class A controlled drug under the First Schedule to Singapore's Misuse of Drugs Act 1973, which covers lysergide and compounds structurally derived from lysergamide by substitution of any hydrogen atom. This generic lysergamide entry has applied since 4 September 2020. Except as authorised by the Act, possession, consumption, manufacture, import, export, and trafficking in a controlled drug are offences.

SwedenIllegalBilaga 1

Förordning (1992:1554) om kontroll av narkotika³⁸³⁹⁴⁰

Has been under investigation by Swedish authorities since March 2, 2022 for potential scheduling. May become a controlled substance pending review outcome.

TurkeyIllegalCitation needed

Classified as a controlled drug substance. Possession, production, supply, and importation are all prohibited under Turkish drug laws.

References

Source Pages

Citations

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1V-LSD

1-Valeroyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide

Valerie

Psychoactive Class

Psychedelic Hallucinogen

Chemical Class

Lysergamide