1V-LSD

1-Valeroyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide

Valerie

Psychoactive Class

Chemical Class

1V-LSD is a synthetic psychedelic of the lysergamide class and a structural analogue of LSD, featuring a valeryl group bound to the indole nitrogen.¹ It first appeared in mid-2021 as a research chemical following the German scheduling of 1cP-LSD. 1V-LSD is theorized to act as a prodrug for LSD,¹ and user reports describe its subjective effects as near-identical to those of LSD and 1P-LSD.

Dosage & Duration

Dosage

Threshold~10 µg

Light10-50 µg

Moderate50-150 µg

Strong150-300 µg

Heavy300+ µg

Duration

Onset20-60 minutes

Come Up45-120 minutes

Peak3-5 hours

Offset3-5 hours

After Effects6-24 hours

Total8-12 hours

Subjective Effects

Effects vary widely by individual, dose, and context.

Physical

Increased bodily control

Cognitive

In comparison to other psychedelics such as Psilocin, LSA and Ayahuasca, 1V-LSD is significantly more stimulating and fast paced in terms of the specific style of thought stream which it produces and contains a large number of potential effects.

Enhancement of current mind state Acceleration of thought Feelings of fascination, importance and awe Time distortion Introspection Deja-Vu Multiple thought streams Removal of cultural filter Conceptual thinking Ego suppression, loss and death Personality regression Thought loops Feelings of interdependent opposites Delusions States of unity and interconnectedness

Visual

Distortions

Tracers After images Texture repetition Colour shifting Scenery slicing

Enhancements

Increased visual acuity Enhancement of colours Enhanced pattern recognition

Geometry

The visual geometry of 1V-LSD can be described as more similar in appearance to that of 2C-B and the 2C-x family than psilocin, LSA, or DMT. They can be comprehensively described as unstructured in organization, algorithmic and digital in geometric style, intricate in complexity, large in size, fast and smooth in motion, multicoloured in scheme, bright and flat in colour, and sharp in their edges with extremely angular corners. At higher dosages they consistently result in states of Level 7A visual geometry.

Hallucinatory States

1V-LSD is capable of producing a full range of low and high level hallucinatory states in a fashion that is significantly less consistent and reproducible than that of many other commonly used psychedelics.

External hallucinations

Auditory

Enhancements Distortions Hallucinations

Adapted from the LSD subjective effects documentation. 1V-LSD is a prodrug of LSD and is reported to produce an effectively identical experience. Forked from Subjective Effect Documentation

by Josie KinsOctober 2012.

Reagent Testing

Loading reagent data

Expected colorimetric results are being prepared.

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

1V-LSD is believed to serve primarily as a prodrug for LSD, with its psychedelic effects thought to be largely mediated through conversion to LSD and subsequent activity at serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. It may also act directly as a weak partial agonist at the 5-HT2A receptor.¹ A head-twitch response assay in mice found that 1V-LSD has a similar potency to 1P-LSD and 1cP-LSD, with behavioral effects closely resembling these structural analogs.¹

Pharmacokinetics

1V-LSD is believed to undergo deacylation in the body to yield LSD through the elimination of valeric acid, as has been demonstrated with human blood serum. This prodrug conversion is consistent with the metabolic pathway observed for other N-acylated LSD derivatives.²

Interactions

Dangerous

Highest risk

These combinations are considered extremely harmful and should always be avoided. Reactions to these drugs taken in combination are highly unpredictable and have a potential to cause death.

Lithium

Unsafe

Avoid

There is considerable risk of physical harm when taking these combinations, they should be avoided where possible.

Tramadol

Caution

Use caution

These combinations are not usually physically harmful, but may produce undesirable effects, such as physical discomfort or overstimulation. Extreme use may cause physical health issues. Synergistic effects may be unpredictable. Care should be taken when choosing to use this combination.

AmphetaminesCannabisCocaineDiphenhydramineMephedronePregabalin

TripSit

Tolerance

Full Tolerance

Tolerance to the effects of 1V-LSD develops almost immediately after ingestion.

Baseline Reset

Approximately 14 days to return to baseline tolerance in the absence of further consumption.

Half Tolerance

Approximately 5-7 days for tolerance to reduce to half in the absence of further consumption.

Cross Tolerance

Psychedelics (all serotonergic psychedelics will have a reduced effect after 1V-LSD use)

Harm Potential

Addiction & Dependence

Psychological

Extremely Low

Assumed to be non-addictive with low abuse potential based on similarity to LSD. Animal studies with LSD show no successful self-administration, indicating lack of reinforcing pharmacology necessary to initiate or maintain dependence.³

Physical

Extremely Low

No physical dependence expected. Virtually no withdrawal syndrome is reported when chronic LSD use is stopped⁴, and 1V-LSD is assumed to share this property.

Psychosis Risk

May act as a trigger for psychotic episodes in individuals with underlying mental disorders or family history of mental illness.⁴ Higher doses increase the risk of adverse psychological reactions including delusions. Those with personal or family history of mental illness are advised not to use this substance outside supervised medical settings.

Seizure Risk

Seizures are rare but have been reported with LSD, from which 1V-LSD's risk is extrapolated.⁵ Primarily a concern in genetically predisposed individuals, particularly when accompanied by physically taxing conditions such as dehydration, fatigue, undernourishment, or overheating.

History & Culture

1V-LSD emerged on the online research chemical market in June or July of 2021. Its appearance coincided with the announcement of new German scheduling controls targeting 1cP-LSD under the Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetz (NpSG), suggesting the compound was developed and released specifically as a…

Legality

International

Not scheduled under UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances

By Country

United StatesUnscheduled (Analogue Act may apply)

Not specifically scheduled under the Controlled Substances Act. However, since 1V-LSD functions as a prodrug for LSD, its possession and sale may be prosecutable under the Federal Analogue Act when sold or possessed with intent for human consumption.

CanadaUnscheduled

Not a controlled substance under Canadian drug legislation. No specific scheduling exists for this compound.

JapanControlled

Designated as a controlled substance as of March 20, 2023. Possession, production, and distribution are prohibited under national drug control legislation.

South KoreaTemporarily controlled

Placed under legal control in July 2022 on a temporary but renewable basis under the national drug scheduling system.

SwitzerlandControlled (Verzeichnis E)

It is controlled under the Swiss narcotics schedules as a lysergic acid derivative listed in Verzeichnis E, point 263. Use is permitted only when it is exclusively for scientific or industrial purposes.

United KingdomIllegal (Psychoactive Substances Act)⁷

Illegal to produce, supply, or import under the Psychoactive Substances Act 2016, which came into effect on May 26, 2016.⁸ The Act creates a blanket ban on psychoactive substances intended for human consumption.⁹ Personal possession is not criminalized under this Act.¹⁰

AustriaLegal grey area (NPSG may apply)

Not technically illegal as a specific substance, but may fall under the Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz (NPSG) as an analogue of LSD, making it illegal to supply for human consumption.

GermanyControlled (NpSG)⁶

Controlled under the Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetz (New Psychoactive Substances Act). An initial amendment in September 2022 failed to take effect due to a punctuation error in the legislation. The law was corrected in March 2023, effectively banning 1V-LSD. Production and import with intent to market, administration to another person, and trading are punishable offenses. Possession is illegal but not penalized.⁶

LatviaIllegal

Although not officially scheduled as a named substance, it is controlled as an LSD structural analogue pursuant to an amendment implemented on June 1, 2015.

SwedenUnder investigation

Has been under investigation by Swedish authorities since March 2, 2022 for potential scheduling. May become a controlled substance pending review outcome.

TurkeyIllegal

Classified as a controlled drug substance. Possession, production, supply, and importation are all prohibited under Turkish drug laws.

References

Source Pages

Citations

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1V-LSD

1-Valeroyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide

Valerie

Psychoactive Class

Psychedelic Hallucinogen

Chemical Class

Lysergamide